A good type student...

would set these real pretty-like in a poster.

Absolute and Relative Measurement - Points and Picas are absolute measurements (ie they're the same anywhere) while relative measurements relate to a specific font (the em or en for example).

Points - Measurement from baseline to baseline. 12pts = I pica

x-height - Main height of the lowercase letter, without ascenders and descenders.

The em. The en - An “em” is a unit of measurement defined as the point size of the font—12 point type uses a 12 point “em.” An “en” is one-half of an “em.”

The em dash – Used as a break in a sentence or text, the full width of the capital M in any font.

The en dash - Half the width of the em dash, typically used for durations.

The Hyphen – Used to hyphenate words or separate phone numbers.

Alignments: Justifcation, Flush Left, Flush Right -

Letterspacing - refers to the distance between letters which effects the density of a line or block of text. Also called tracking.

Kerning - The adjustment of letterspacing to balance the negative space between letters.

Tracking - See letterspacing.

Word Spacing - the distance between words, condensed faces require less space while expanded faces need more.

Widow - A short line at the end of a paragraph or column. (does this apply to all type or just paragraphs?)

Orphan - A single word at the beginning of a column or page.

Leading - In short, line spacing, pronounced like the metal (Pb) and refers to the physical strips of lead placed between lines of type (Really?)

Indent, Fist Line Indent, Hanging Indent - A way of aligning text. First line indents are typical of paragraphs where the first line is set in from the rest of the body of text, a hanging indent is the reverse of this where the first line is set regularly, the body of text hangs from it with an indented space.